questions 1 and 3 from the textbook

1. The Fertile Crescent is one of the places where civilization began.
    Mesopotamia is the land that Sumerians settled in the Fertile Crescent.
    A city-state worked as an independent city.
    A dynasty made it so one family could rule a lot of land.
    Cultural diffusion made other city-states think similar things and beliefs.
    Sumerians believed in polytheism (belief in many gods).
    An empire only had one ruler.
    Hammurabi ruled the Babylonian Empire and created the code of Hammurabi.

2. 3 environmental challenges:
        -unpredictable flooding
        -geographically defenseless
        -limited natural resources